n8n before 2.30.1 and 2.29.8 assigns all Public API key scopes to JWTs issued through the Token Exchange module regardless of the acting user's role. On instances where the Token Exchange feature and Public API are enabled, a low-privileged user who can obtain a valid external JWT trusted by a configured issuer can use the resulting access token to invoke administrator-only Public API operations such as role escalation, user creation, and user deletion (role escalation requires an Advanced Permissions license), and, when unverified Community Package installation is enabled, achieve remote code execution.
Attack Parameters
Attack Vector
Network
Can be exploited remotely
Attack Complexity
Low
Easy to exploit
Attack Requirements
Present
Additional conditions required
Privileges Required
Low
Basic privileges needed
User Interaction
None
No user interaction needed
Impact Assessment
Confidentiality
High
Complete data leak
Integrity
High
Complete data modification
Availability
High
Complete denial of service
CVSS Vector v4.0
Weakness Type (CWE)
Vulnerable Products 4
| Configuration | From (including) | Up to (excluding) |
|---|---|---|
|
N8n N8n
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:community:node.js:*:*
|
— |
2.29.8
|
|
N8n N8n
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:enterprise:node.js:*:*
|
— |
2.29.8
|
|
N8n N8n
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:2.30.0:*:*:*:community:node.js:*:*
|
— | — |
|
N8n N8n
cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:2.30.0:*:*:*:enterprise:node.js:*:*
|
— | — |