HTML::FormHandler versions before 0.410002 for Perl render option group labels and radio button labels into HTML without escaping.
The Select, RadioGroup, CheckboxGroup and HorizCheckboxGroup widgets render a group label unescaped, Select into a label attribute and the other three into element content. RadioGroup also renders each radio button's own label unescaped.
Any application whose option list is built from data rather than literals, using options_from, an options_fieldname method, or the DBIC model, allows attacker-influenced text in a label that can override the options or embed JavaScript in rendered pages.
Attack Parameters
Attack Vector
Network
Can be exploited remotely
Attack Complexity
Low
Easy to exploit
Privileges Required
None
No privileges needed
User Interaction
Required
User action required
Impact Assessment
Confidentiality
Low
Partial data leak
Integrity
Low
Partial data modification
Availability
None
No disruption
CVSS Vector v3.1
Weakness Type (CWE)
References 3
https://github.com/gshank/html-formhandler/commit/49b562e0fed5146fc1a372c5fa8a8…
9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e
https://metacpan.org/release/ABRAXXA/HTML-FormHandler-0.410002/changes
9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/09/08/16
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108